Housing dynamics are inextricably linked to the broader socio-economic fabric of the country. Over recent decades, Maltese society has undergone one of the most profound demographic shifts in Europe, some of which reflect longer-term structural changes that are likely to persist in the years ahead. These shifts exert significant pressure on the national housing infrastructure, fundamentally altering demand patterns, tenure preferences, and the specific nature of the interventions required from the State.
Housing Authority Research Strategy
The Housing Authority Research Strategy 2026–2027 identifies three key structural trends shaping the housing market.
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Household sizes are declining, reflecting changes in family structures and an increase in single-person households.
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There has been a significant rise in the share of the foreign population, many of whom rely on the private rental market and exhibit different housing patterns compared to Maltese households.
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Malta’s population is ageing, leading to a growing share of elderly households with distinct housing needs, particularly in terms of accessibility, maintenance, and adequacy of space.
Taken together, these demographic shifts necessitate a fundamental re-evaluation of housing provision in Malta. Housing needs are becoming increasingly diverse, and a one-size-fits-all approach is no longer sufficient. In response, the Housing Authority’s Research Strategy adopts a cohort-based framework, focusing on four key groups: young adults, migrants, families with children (captured largely within prime-aged households), and the elderly.
Each of these cohorts faces specific constraints and priorities—ranging from affordability and access for younger households, to tenure security and quality for migrants, to space requirements for families, and accessibility considerations for older individuals. By disaggregating the analysis along these lines, the research provides a more granular understanding of how housing outcomes vary across the population.
National Survey on Housing Satisfaction in Malta
To better shed light on these issues, the Housing Authority has commissioned a nationally representative survey – the Malta Housing Satisfaction Survey – which was launched during a national housing conference in April 2026. Its primary objective is to provide a comprehensive and evidence-based assessment of households’ housing conditions and experiences. The survey collected detailed information on a wide range of housing-related topics, enabling a multidimensional analysis of living conditions and perceptions.
This forms part of a broader research agenda. In subsequent phases, the quantitative analysis will be complemented by qualitative research methods, including focus groups, interviews and stakeholder engagement. These will provide deeper insights into the lived experiences behind the survey results, helping to contextualise the findings and uncover nuances that may not be fully captured through structured questionnaires alone.
Different challenges require different solutions
The profound demographic shifts of the last decade necessitate a corresponding diversification of the national housing supply. This also applies to specialised and intergenerational housing, which should form part of the Housing Authority’s broader efforts to complement and diversify the supply of social housing.
Recognising that different demographics face distinct obstacles, we need to move away from generic interventions in favour of targeted solutions. For instance, older individuals with mobility challenges may benefit from downsizing options that offer improved accessibility and higher-quality living environments, including appropriate amenities and co-housing solutions that support independent living.
While affordability remains a key priority, it must be considered alongside adequacy, accessibility, and quality. These dimensions are essential to ensure that the housing needs of different groups are addressed. For example, affordability may be the primary concern for first-time buyers and low-income tenants, whereas for elder residents who already own their home, adequacy and accessibility may be more critical. This balanced approach is crucial to ensure that no one is left behind.
